The Surname Brown Its Meaning and Origin

From the Middle English br(o)un, deriving from Old English or Old French brun, and literally meaning brown, as in the color, this descriptive surname (or nickname) refers to the color of an individuals complexion, the color of their hair, or even the color of the garments they wore most often. As a Scottish or Irish name, Brown may also be a translation of the Gaelic donn, which also means brown. Fast Facts for the Surname Brown Brown is the 4th most popular surname in the United States, the 5th most common in England, and the 4th most common last name in Australia. The variant surname, Browne, is also common in England and Ireland.Surname Origin:  English, Scottish, IrishAlternate Surname Spellings:  Browne, Braun, Broun, Breun, Bruun, Bruan, Brun, Bruene, BrohnBrown is the second most common surname among African Americans in the United States. Some freed slaves adopted the name Brown following the Civil War for the obvious reason that it described their appearance, however, there were also many who adopted the surname in honor of abolitionist John Brown. Where in the World is Brown Surname Common? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, the Brown surname is most prevalent in the United States, although the name is also borne by the highest percentage of the population in the Pitcairn Islands. The Brown surname ranks as the second most common surname in the country in Canada and Scotland, followed by third in Australia, and fourth in the United States and England. During the period of time from 1881 to 1901, Brown was the most common surname in the Scottish counties of Lanarkshire, Midlothian, Stirlingshire, and West Lothian, and the second most common surname in the English counties of Middlesex, Durham, Surrey, Kent, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Suffolk, Northamptonshire, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Cambridgeshire, Bedfordshire, and Hertfordshire, as well as in the Scottish counties of Ayrshire, Selkirkshire, and Peebleshire. John Brown, born circa 1312, in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England; John Brown, born circa 1380, in Stanford Draper, Rutlandshire, England are two early Englishman with the recorded surname of Brown. Famous People with the Surname Brown: John Brown—American abolitionist (1800-1859)Charlie Brown—the fictional central character of the popular Peanuts cartoon by Charles SchultzDan Brown—bestselling author, best known for The DaVinci CodeJames Brown—The Godfather of SoulVeronica Campbell-Brown—Jamaican Gold medal Olympic sprinterClarence Gatemouth Brown—Texas blues legendMolly Brown—Titanic survivor Margaret Tobin Brown, made famous by the 1960s musical, The Unsinkable Molly Brown. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Brown: Contrary to what you may have heard, theres no such thing as a Brown family crest or coat of arms.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. You wont be able to look up a Brown family crest but there are plenty of resources available to learn more about the family tree. Here are just a few: 100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their Meanings—Smith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown. If youre one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census, this resource can help you delve deeper into your family history. Brown Genealogy Society—A great collection of information on genealogies and histories related to the Brown surname. Brown DNA Study—This huge DNA surname study includes over 463 tested members to date who belong to some 242 unrelated, biologically separate Brown, Browne, and Braun family lines. Brown Family Genealogy Forum—Search this popular genealogy forum for the Brown surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Brown query. There are also separate forums for the BROWNE and BRAUN variations of the Brown surname. FamilySearch - BROWN Genealogy—Explore over 26 million historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Brown surname and its variations on the free FamilySearch website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. BROWN Surname Family Mailing Lists—RootsWeb hosts several free mailing lists for researchers of the Brown surname. DistantCousin.com - BROWN Genealogy Family History—Free databases and genealogy links for the last name Brown. Sources Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

AB 12 Help for Emmancipated and Discharged Youth

Goals of Current Policy and Implementation AB 12 attempts to address the need to have services for youth who have been emancipated or discharged from the foster system. This is required as the data on the subject highlights that youth are simply often not able to be thriving adults on their eighteenth birthdays. Many find themselves on the street homeless, without jobs, in jail or parents before they are fully able to care for themselves. The goal of AB 12 is to extend foster care to age 21 and access the federal match of the national foster care system. According to the Assembly Bill 12 Primer (2014), AB 12 does the following: 1) Convert Californias Kinship Guardianship Assistance Program (Kin† GAP) into a federally subsidized†¦show more content†¦In order for youth who meet the above requirements to remain eligible they must also meet one of the following contribution requirements: complete high school or equivalency program (i.e., GED, CHSPE); minimally half time enrolled in college or vocational training program; receiving pay for full time employment (80 hrs. per month); participating in employment training or other program to remove barriers for employment (therapeutic interventions, substance abuse treatment); or are unable to meet one of the above requirements due to health condition. This includes both long term and short term conditions as well as mental and physical health conditions (Beall Bass, 2010). The bill was fully implemented as of January 1, 2014. Impact In the John Burton Policy Brief on AB 12 the realities of education for foster youth are highlighted, â€Å"The rate at which foster youth complete high school (50 percent) is significantly lower than the rate at which their peers complete high school (70 percent),† (2011, p. 2). This affects chances for higher education including college degrees. This has a significant impact on the community as â€Å"aged-out† youth without services have more chance of risk for: homelessness, poverty, unemployment, going to jail, prostitution, substance abuse, early parenthood and untreated health conditions. Samuels and Pryce state that foster care has not always been a positive, developmentally appropriate experience. Youth who are

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics - Overview

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics - Overview Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics Options Evil is something which carries on throughout the last few years and can have lasting effects while good deeds can only remain in the spotlight for such a long time. It's for the reader to determine if good or evil prevails in the long run. For some time, things appear to improve. Analyze interesting function of the supporting characters. Still, every one of them would show up in the overall list. Removing book from your Reading List will also eliminate any bookmarked pages linked with this title. This is a rather well written book, with descriptive and strong language. The a whole lot more obvious, emotional meaning is that which creates this book a wonderful read. It's rather essential to note that the primitive form is the true and genuine version of an individual. You should have your reasons, and our principal concern is that you wind up getting a great grade. It is a good example of the Gothic genre. Top Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics Choices Come, let us accept one another's flaws. This fundamental mistake contributes to further misunderstandings. Whatever the situation, the demons inside us can on occasion be inescapable. As much as people would love to conceal their impure intentions and corrupt methods for life, somehow they're revealed and it is an impossible task to resist what truly lies inside. Some folks show a vast majority of a single side. Eventually the transformations escape control, and his pals become aware of his circumstance. He claims he is avoiding gossip. The Hidden Truth About Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics The maid, nevertheless, is ready to positively recognize the murderer as Edward Hyde. Yet if we come to Jekyll's side of the home it's the specific opposite. Jekyll notes that, in any circumstance, the conclusion of his letter marks the conclusion of the life of Dr. Jekyll. In this way, both sides of Jekyll are both nice and evil. He commits all of his sins on his own. He replies that he's going to be completely reclusive from this point on. First, he is not good. Lanyon replies he's already so involved he may as well. I would like to truly feel safe but right now I don't and I wish to inform you why. Because it doesn't exist. Hyde is a reduce class schlub. The Importance of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay Topics Some believe it is affected by the world surrounding them, or maybe by personal experiences. A lot of the novel is based on the characters reputations and the way they have to keep up a great public image, because they are upper class people. So it seems sensible within Stevenson's novel to concentrate on the effects of science, metaphysics, and sometimes even mysticism. Take into consideration the full novel. He had a traumatic childhood because of a reduction in social interactions with different kids. Childhood trauma can cause dissociative identity by enabling the kid to escape to another reality, as a result of creation of some other personality. His fathers profession was supposed to construct Lighthouses. He's known to get integrity and great ethics. The introduction offers sufficient background on the subject and previews major points. They are intended to teach lessons and be utilized to illustrate several facets of a character or story. You ought to be proficient in the topic, have an overall idea about the chosen issue and can get the best arguments to demonstrate your thesis. Sentence transitions are found and maintain the stream of thought. Thus, Stevenson examines the problem of control. The story dissects the presence of duality within the life span of a man or basically the duality of human nature. But still if you're unable to craft a very good topic for Dr. Hyde essay, we're here to assist you with this. Write more on the topic of the importance of symbolism within this story.

Personal Toolkit for Critiquing Research Articles

Question: Discuss about thePersonal Toolkit for Critiquing Research Articles. Answer: Introduction In response to the research articles, the following questions can be used to interrogate the research article; Why am I reading the article? What do I know about the subject? How do various chapters relate to the research topic? How can what the text convey relate to my livelihood experience? After reading the article, the following questions can be asked; Did I understand the principle as per the argument? Did I identify the most important points? Are there gaps relating to the article? Strategies Strategically, critical reading of a research article begins by being selective. Being selective means the reader should select the best text out of the research report. By becoming selective, the user must start by identifying what he or she is searching for. After the identification, examination of the contents page becomes quite easy. After selecting the content page, speed-reading then follows to absorb the overall impression about the research topic. Speed-reading helps in knowing the areas in search; areas, chapters of sections which are most relevant are identified for thorough reading while areas of less relevance are ignored. The main aim of speed reading is to determine what the research article is talking about but not to understand the entire article. Besides this strategy, SQ3R can also be used. SQ3R comprises of surveying, questioning, reading, recalling, and reviewing. Survey is about speed-reading (Taslidere, and Eryilmaz, 2012). Under the question, the text is keenly observed and questions extracted out of it, which are then used as guidelines for reading. With the questions, the reading is changed to active pursuit from passive (Roberts et al., 2012). Some of the possible questions while reading a research article seek to answer the importance of reading the specific piece of writing, what is known about the subject, how various chapters relate to the research question and how what is read can be linked to a real life experience. The next subject is Read, which entails reading the main research article. Reading involves careful consideration of the meaning drawn from the paper. Therefore, it both involves being active and critical at the same time. In the recall, what had been read is traced back. Lastly, a review of the article is taken to ensure that the text has been understood. Article 1: What is Validity and why Does it Matter in Research? Like any other research article, reading this piece of writing begins by tracing the answers for the purpose of reading it, tracing what had already been acquired relating to the article, the relationship of various chapters within the paper and how the entire text relate to the worldly experience. Through speed-reading, the purpose of reading the article is drawn as knowing the actual meaning of validity and identify its importance in research. While relating the research topic and what had been acquired earlier, it is observed that efficacy related directly to research. Selection of critical areas then follows. Here, the heading, four types of validity and the importance of validity are selected as the main parts of the research article (Psucd8, 2011). Other segments are the threats to internal validity and the relationship between validity and reliability (Convery et al., 2015). The heading notifies the reader about the general picture of the article. It defines validity as the degree upon which the study under interrogation measures the intended item. Coming to types, face, concurrent, predictive and construct validity are identified as some of the types of validity. According to the article, threats to validity includes testing effect and biases of instruments. It is also stated that there is various importance of validity. Some of them are ensuring efficient use of results and gives directions on how to control threats to validity (Convery et al., 2015). Finally, the article related validity to reality in that; both of them are independent concepts in research. They also determine a good study. These areas of the research components relate in that; each one of them brings a vivid picture of validity and its importance. Relating to practical experience, efficacy makes any story valid. To ensure that the article is well understood, the main principles and p oints such as the types of validity are recalled by reading the article again but faster. Article 2: Exploring Reliability in Academic Assessment Just like in article one, the quick step in reading is speed-reading. This passage intends to determine the worthiness of the article, familiarizing with it, identifying the various chapters and relating them. As defined by the title, the purpose of reading this paper is to understand the meaning of validity and exploring it in academic assessment. According to the article, reliability is a degree where an evaluation equipment provides a consistence and stable results. Various components of the article are types of reliability, validity, and types of validity. Test-retest parallel forms, inter-rater, and internal consistency is identified under the types of validity section (Sijtsma, 2015). Talking about validity, the paper states that it is the appropriateness of taking the intended measurements by a test. It is also noted that there are many types of validity. They include constructing validity, face, sampling, formative and criterion-related validity (Phelan and Wren, 2005). To relate the research article with what had been learned earlier, it is evident that reliability is directly linked to validity. While validity ensures that tool used to take measurements measure must make sure that the intended subject is measures, security provides that such measurements must be consistency and stable (Wladis and Samuels, 2016). Therefore, validity depends on reliability to remain valid. Apparently, various chapters of the article relate. For instance, the types of reliability are all linked to reliability itself, just like the components of validity. To a worldly experience, reliability is widely applied in learning institutions to determine the level of knowledge acquired by use of tests (Ackerman and Educational Testing Service, 2014). To sum up, the article is read again but fast to recall main points. Such points are types of reliability comprising of test-retest parallel forms, inter-rater, and internal consistency. References Ackerman, D. J., Educational Testing Service, P. C. (2014). State-Funded PreK Policies on External Classroom Observations: Issues and Status. Policy Information Report. Educational Testing Service, Convery, E., Keidser, G., Seeto, M., Yeend, I., Freeston, K. (2015). Factors Affecting Reliability and Validity of Self-Directed Automatic in Situ Audiometry: Implications for Self-Fitting Hearing Aids. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 26(1), 5-18. doi:10.3766/jaaa.26.1.2 Psucd8. (2011).What is validity and why is it important inresearch? Just another WordPress.com site. Derived from https://psucd8.wordpress.com/2011/11/20/why-is-validity-important-in-research/ Phelan, C., Wren, J., (2005).Exploring reliability in academic assessment. UNI. Retrieved from file:///C:/Users/USER/Desktop/Reliability%20and%20Validity.html Roberts, K. D., Takahashi, K., Park, H., Stodden, R. A. (2012). Supporting Struggling Readers in Secondary School Science Classes. TEACHING Exceptional Children, 44(6), 40-48. Sijtsma, K. (2015). Delimiting Coefficient from Internal Consistency and Unidimensionality. Educational Measurement: Issues Practice, 34(4), 10-13. Taslidere, E. Eryilmaz, A. (2012). The Relative Effectiveness of Integrated Reading Study Strategy and Conceptual Physics Approach. Research in Science Education, 42(2), 181-199. Wladis, C., Samuels, J. (2016). Do online readiness surveys do what they claim? Validity, reliability, and subsequent student enrollment decisions. Computers Education, 9839-56. doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2016.03.001